电力信息物理系统的网络攻击建模、演化规律及应对成本研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.05.007

综合智慧能源 ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 58-64.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2024.05.007

电力信息物理系统的网络攻击建模、演化规律及应对成本研究

叶飞¹(), 钟晓静²^,^*(), 关前锋¹()

1.中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院，广州 510663
2.广州大学机械与电气工程学院，广州 510006

收稿日期:2022-10-27 修回日期:2022-11-24 出版日期:2024-05-25
通讯作者: *钟晓静（1986），女，讲师，博士，从事传播系统建模分析与控制等方面的研究，zhongxj@gzhu.edu.cn
作者简介:叶飞（1987），男，高级工程师，硕士，从事电力工程造价及工程咨询等方面的工作，yefei@gedi.com.cn；
关前锋（1984），男，高级工程师，硕士，从事电力工程造价及工程咨询等方面的工作，guanqianfeng@gedi.com.cn。
基金资助:
广州市科技计划项目(20210202710)

Research on network attack modeling， evolution and response cost of power cyber physical systems

YE Fei¹(), ZHONG Xiaojing²^,^*(), GUAN Qianfeng¹()

1. China Energy Engineering Group Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute，Guangzhou 510663，China
2. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering， Guangzhou University， Guangzhou 510006， China

Received:2022-10-27 Revised:2022-11-24 Published:2024-05-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着电网信息层和物理层的不断融通发展，信息流交互频繁，电力信息物理系统（CPS）面临巨大安全挑战，针对信息层的网络攻击传播至物理层，极易导致整个电力系统的崩溃。基于电力CPS的双层耦合结构，运用传播演化理论建立了一类新型的 $S I A I B R A R B$ 网络攻击传播模型，描述了网络攻击在电力网络节点中的传播行为。运用动力学分析方法分析网络攻击对电力CPS的攻击力和影响范围，提供预判网络攻击破坏力的具体算法；运用偏秩相关系数法和三维关联偏微分方法对系统参数进行敏感度分析，研究发现电力CPS的网络结构和传播概率对网络安全性至关重要，通过2个仿真模拟验证了上述理论结果的正确性。以南方电网有限公司历次典型设计和典型造价为例，梳理了电力系统网络安全防护体系实际建设费用变化趋势，建议从3个角度对安全防护体系进行精准定位建设，在降低电力CPS造价成本的同时保证系统的安全性。研究结果可为电网防御者在信息物理协同攻击威胁下制定新的防御方案提供参考。

关键词: 电力信息物理系统, 网络攻击传播模型, 演化规律, 敏感度分析, 安全防护体系, 成本分析

Abstract:

With the frequent interactions between the cyber layer and the physical layer， power cyber physical systems （CPSs） are facing great security challenges. Network attacks propagating from the cyber layer to the physical layer may cause the collapse of the entire power system. A new type of network attack propagation model，SI_AI_BR_AR_B，is established based on the double-layer coupling structure of power CPSs and the propagation evolution theory. The model describes the propagation behavior of network attacks in power network nodes. Using dynamic analysis method， we analyze the attack intensity and influence range of a network attack on a power CPS，and provide a specific algorithm to predict the attack intensity. Moreover， the PRCCs and 3D correlation partial differential method are used to analyze the sensitivity of system parameters. The importance of the power CPS network structure and propagation probability to network security have been verified by two simulation tests. Taking the prior case of China Southern Power Grid Company Limited as an example， its typical design and costs are summarized，and the variation of the actual construction cost of the power network security protection system is analyzed. Considering from three perspectives， the construction of a security protection system can be precisely graded， in which the construction costs and CPS security should be considered simultaneously. The theoretical results can provide a reference for power grid defenders to develop new defense schemes under the threat of network attacks.

Key words: power CPS, network attack propagation model, evolution theory, sensitivity analysis, security protection system, cost analysis

中图分类号:

TM73：TK018

叶飞, 钟晓静, 关前锋. 电力信息物理系统的网络攻击建模、演化规律及应对成本研究[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2024, 46(5): 58-64.

YE Fei, ZHONG Xiaojing, GUAN Qianfeng. Research on network attack modeling， evolution and response cost of power cyber physical systems[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2024, 46(5): 58-64.

图/表 8

图1

图2

表1

模型参数含义

参数	含义
$A$	单位时间内加入的节点数
$d$	单位时间内移出系统的移除率
$α$	$I i (t) (i = A, B)$ 接触 $S (t)$ 时， $S (t)$ 变成 $I A (t)$ 的概率
$β$	$I i (t) (i = A, B)$ 接触 $S (t)$ 时， $S (t)$ 变成 $I B (t)$ 的概率
$η 1$	$I A (t)$ 接触 $R i (t) (i = A, B)$ 时， $I A (t)$ 变成 $R A (t)$ 的概率
$η 2$	$I B (t)$ 接触 $R i (t) (i = A, B)$ 时， $I B (t)$ 变成 $R B (t)$ 的概率
$k$	同质网络的平均节点度

表1

图3

表2

系统参数

参数	取值1	取值2
$A$	1	1
$d$	0.01	0.01
$α$	0.030	0.025
$β$	0.010	0.038
$η 1$	0.06	0.03
$η 2$	0.045	0.030
$k$	1.2	1.2

表2

图4

表3

表4

参考文献 18

[1]	CINTUGLU M H, AKKAYA K. A survey on smart grid cyber-physical system testbeds[J]. IEEE Communication Surveys & Tutorials, 2017, 19(1): 446-464.
[2]	倪明, 颜诘, 柏瑞, 等. 电力系统防恶意信息攻击的思考[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2016, 40(5): 148-151.
	NI Ming, YAN Jie, BAI Rui, et al. Power system cyber attack and its defense[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2016, 40(5): 148-151.
[3]	李惠军, 陆建强, 周霞, 等. 面向智慧园区系统的网络攻击关联分析与防护策略研究[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2022, 44(7): 1-9. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2022.07.001
	LI Huijun, LU Jianqiang, ZHOU Xia, et al. Network attack association analysis and attack protection strategy for smart park systems[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2022, 44(7): 1-9. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-0706.2022.07.001
[4]	RIFLIN J. The third industrial revolution:How lateral power is transforming energy,the economy,and the world[M]. New York: Palgrave MacMillan, 2013.
[5]	TEN C, MANIMARAN G, LIU C C. Cybersecurity for critical infrastructures:Attack and defense modeling[J]. IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics—Part A Systems and Humans, 2010, 40(4):853-865.
[6]	ZHANG Y C, XIANGY Y M, WANG L F. Power system reliability assessment incorporating cyber-attacks against wind farm energy management systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2016, 8(5):1-15.
[7]	MOORE A, ELLISON R, LINGER R. Attack modeling for information security and survivability[R]. Pittsburgh: Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pa Software Engineering Institute, 2001.
[8]	HUMAYED A, LIN J Q, LI F J, et al. Cyber-physical systems security:A survey[J]. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2017, 4(6): 1802-1831.
[9]	叶夏明, 文福拴, 尚金成, 等. 电力系统中信息物理安全风险传播机制[J]. 电网技术, 2015, 39(11): 3072-3079.
	YE Xiaming, WEN Fushuan, SHANG Jincheng, et al. Propagation mechanism of cyber physical security risks in power systems[J]. Power System Technology, 2015, 39(11):3072-3079.
[10]	DING L, LI W Q, HUANG M Y, et al. Frequency synchronization adaptive control for power grids under topological uncertainty[J]. Journal of the Franklin Institute, 2022, 359(15): 7775-7795.
[11]	DONG Z C, TIAN M, DING L. A framework for modeling and structural vulnerability analysis of spatial cyber-physical power systems from an attack-defense perspective[J]. IEEE Systems Journal, 2021, 15(1): 1369-1380.
[12]	梅生伟, 王莹莹, 陈来军. 从复杂网络视角评述智能电网信息安全研究现状及若干展望[J]. 高电压技术, 2011, 37(3):672-679.
	MEI Shengwei, WANG Yingying, CHEN Laijun. Overviews and prospects of the cyber security of smart grid from the view of complex network theory[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2011, 37(3):672-679.
[13]	HUANG D Y, LIU H, ZHAO J B, et al. A novel non-uniform frame structure model for power system disturbance propagation analysis[J]. IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, 2021, 31(6): 5092-5104.
[14]	ZHOU J, HUANG N, COIT D, et al. Combined effects of load dynamics and dependence clusters on cascading failures in network systems[J]. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 2018, 170: 116-126.
[15]	沈士根, 杨淑敏, 黄龙军, 等. 一种揭示异质无线传感器网络恶意程序传播的动力学模型[J]. 传感技术学报, 2022, 35(5): 683-691.
	SHEN Shigen, YANG Shumin, HUANG Longjun, et al. A dynamics model of disclosing malware propagation in heterogeneous WSNs[J]. Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators, 2022, 35(5): 683-691.
[16]	LONG Y S, HUANG G F, ZHENG H, et al. Cooperative multi-relay network design with hybrid backscatter and wireless-powered relaying[J]. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2022, 9(19): 18445-28460.
[17]	SU Y Y, QIU Z J, LIU G Y, et al. Optimal control of PC-PLC virus-mutation and multi-delay propagation model in distribution network CPS[J]. Mathematics, 2022, 10(16):1-18.
[18]	申宇. 电力系统网络安全立体防护体系构建研究[J]. 软件, 2021(3):130-132.
	SHEN Yu. Research on construction of three-dimensional protection system of power system network security[J]. Computer Engineering & Software, 2021(3): 130-132.

投资	典型造价V1.0 （2012年）	典型造价V2.0 （2016年）	典型造价V3.0 （2022年）
二次安防设备	80	121	362
二次系统	653	431	1 272
整站	11 675	13 483	15 635

电力信息物理系统的网络攻击建模、演化规律及应对成本研究

Research on network attack modeling， evolution and response cost of power cyber physical systems

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 8

参考文献 18

相关文章 0

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

年份	二次安防设备投资
2012	80
2013	100
2014	85
2015	68
2016	100
2017	128
2018	128
2019	121
2020	123
2021	140